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Microsoft is of the largest tech giants, which in 2017 made $89.9 billion in revenues. While Microsoft Office remains the most successful product. Other parts of the business related to advertising, with the Bing search engine, has been growing fast in the last couple of years. Also, the acquisition of LinkedIn has allowed Microsoft to enter the social media market. As a dominant tech company, Microsoft tries to keep innovating and acquiring companies that allow it to enter new markets, quickly.  Micro-soft, the name When Bill Gates and Paul Allen needed to pick a name, Paul Allen reported in his memoir "We considered Allen & Gates, but it sounded too much like a law firm. My next idea: Micro-Soft, for microprocessors and software. While the typography would be in flux over the next year or so (including a brief transition as Micro Soft), we both knew instantly that the name was right. Micro-Soft was simple and straightforward. It conveyed just what we were about." So how did Bill Gates end up with the majority of the company? Still according to Paul Allen memoir "From the inception of Microsoft, Bill insisted he got a 60-40, then 64-36 share of the money." While Paul Allen accepted - for some reasons - the 60-40 deal, so that more shares would go to Bill Gates - mostly on the basis that Bill Gates had contributed more on the code - Bill Gates tried again to get hold of more shares of Microsoft. That attempt though wasn't successful. In a few years, Microsoft would become the dominant tech company in the world. It is important to remark this is the side of the story told by Paul Allen, seldom mentioned Microsoft co-founder. The accounts from Paul Allen reflect his perspectives on Microsoft in its first years. What Is a Business Model? 30 Successful Types of Business Models You Need to Know Who owns Microsoft? While the three principal individual investors are Bill Gates, Mason Morfit, Satya Nadella and a few others among the board members (this list does not comprise those individual investors with a stake lower than 5% of the company if they are not board members). The most prominent institutional investors are The Vanguard Group and Blackrock. How Does Netflix Make Money? Netflix Business Model Explained What is the Microsoft pay mix? Microsoft has a pay based on three main aspects: base salary cash incentives and equity To create a proper compensation, Microsoft looks at a group of peers that comprise: Peer group: • Alphabet • Amazon • Apple • Cisco Systems • Facebook • Hewlett-Packard • IBM • Intel • Oracle • Qualcomm • AT&T • Chevron • Coca-Cola • Comcast • ExxonMobil • General Electric • Johnson & Johnson • Merck • PepsiCo • Pfizer • Procter & Gamble • Verizon • Wal-Mart • Walt Disney Based on that Microsoft compensation comprise 73.2% of base salary, followed by 19.2% of cash incentives, and 7.6% of equity. What are Microsoft Segments? Microsoft segments can be broken down into four main types: Productivity and business processes Productivity and Business Processes segment consists of products and services in the portfolio of productivity, communication, and information services, spanning a variety of devices and platforms. This segment primarily comprises: Office Commercial, including Office 365 subscriptions and Office licensed on-premises, comprising Office, Exchange, SharePoint, Skype for Business, and Microsoft Teams, and related Client Access Licenses (“CALs”). Office Consumer, including Office 365 subscriptions and Office licensed on-premises, and Office Consumer Services, including Skype, Outlook.com, and OneDrive. LinkedIn, including Talent Solutions, Marketing Solutions, and Premium Subscriptions. Dynamics business solutions, including Dynamics ERP on-premises, Dynamics CRM on-premises, and Dynamics 365, a set of cloud-based applications across ERP and CRM. Intelligent cloud Productivity and Business Processes segment consists of products and services in the portfolio of productivity, communication, and information services, spanning a variety of devices and platforms. This segment primarily comprises: Server products and cloud services, including Microsoft SQL Server, Windows Server, Visual Studio, System Center, and related CALs, and Azure. Enterprise Services, including Premier Support Services and Microsoft Consulting Services. More personal computing More Personal Computing segment consists of products and services geared towards harmonizing the interests of end users, developers, and IT professionals across all devices. This segment primarily comprises: Windows, including Windows OEM licensing (“Windows OEM”) and other non-volume licensing of the Windows operating system; Windows Commercial, comprising volume licensing of the Windows operating system, Windows cloud services, and other Windows commercial offerings; patent licensing; Windows IoT; and MSN display advertising. Devices, including Microsoft Surface, PC accessories, and other intelligent devices. Gaming, including Xbox hardware and Xbox software and services, comprising Xbox Live transactions, subscriptions, and advertising (“Xbox Live”), video games, and third-party video game royalties. Search advertising. Corporate and other Microsoft develops most of its products and services internally through the following engineering groups. Office Product Group focuses on Microsoft business across productivity, communications, education, and other information applications and services. Artificial Intelligence and Research, focuses on Microsoft AI development and other forward-looking research and development efforts spanning infrastructure, services, applications, and search. Cloud and Enterprise, focuses on Microsoft cloud infrastructure, server, database, CRM, ERP, management and development tools, and other business process applications and services for enterprises. Windows and Devices Group focuses on Microsoft Windows platform, applications, games, store, and devices that power the Windows ecosystem. LinkedIn, focuses on services that transform the way customers hire, market, sell, and learn. Microsoft revenues breakdown for 2017 From its financial statements you can see how Microsoft has netted almost $90 in billion in 2017, compared to over $93 billion in 2015. Among the four primary business operations, Productivity and Busines Processes netted over $30 billion, while Intelligence Cloud netted over $27 billion and More Personal computer netted over $38 billion in 2017. An increase of about four billion in productivity and revenues was mainly due to LinkedIn revenues, How Amazon Makes Money: Amazon Business Model in a Nutshell How Does LinkedIn make money? LinkedIn revenue was $2.3 billion, primarily comprised of revenue from Talent Solutions. LinkedIn contributed to the almost four billion growth in productivity and business processes for Microsoft in 2017. What is Azure? How the Microsoft cloud service is growing at a fast speed Server products and cloud services revenue rose to $2.5 billion or 13%, driven by Azure revenue growth of 99% and server products licensed on-premises revenue growth of 4%. Thus, the increase in revenues for the intelligent cloud is primarily due to Azure growth. How much money does Bing make? If we look at the advertising revenues generated by Microsoft - which can be primarily attributed to Bing - those amount to $6.9 billion in 2017. That makes Bing a large piece of the pie for Microsoft overall revenues. However, if we compare Bing advertising revenues with Google's over $95 billion for 2017; you can understand that Bing is still a minor player. However, Google's advertising revenues also comprise YouTube, for which we don't know the revenue breakdown yet, but we can assume to be at least a $15 billion business a year. What are the Microsoft distribution channels? Those can be broken down in: OEMs, OEMs that pre-install Microsoft software on new devices and servers they sell. The largest component of the OEM business is the Windows operating system pre-installed on devices. Direct. Microsoft offers direct sales programs targeted to reach small, medium, and corporate customers, in addition to those Offered through the reseller channel. A large network of partner advisors supports many of these sales. Distributors and resellers, license Microsoft products and services indirectly, primarily through licensing solution partners (“LSP”), distributors, value-added resellers (“VAR”), OEMs, and retailers.  Does Microsoft spend more on Research and Development or Sales and Marketing? If we look at the accounting books, Microsoft spent 17% of its revenues in Sales and Marketing in 2017, compared to R&D for 14% of its revenues in 2017. Thus Microsoft spent more on Sales and Marketing than R&D: What are Microsoft top products and services? From the revenue standpoint, Microsoft Office remains the most successful product. The game console Xbox also plays a key role in  Microsoft financial success. While Advertising, mainly through the Bing search engine has been growing fast in the last couple of years. Also, the acquisition of LinkedIn has allowed Microsoft to enter the social media market. Is Microsoft still innovating? During fiscal years 2017, 2016, and 2015, research and development expense was $13.0 billion, $12.0 billion, and $12.0 billion, respectively. These amounts represented 14%, 14%, and 13% of revenue in fiscal years 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively. Microsoft plans to continue to make significant investments in a broad range of research and development efforts. In fact, as specified in its annual report for 2017, "The core currency of any business going forward will be the ability to reason over its data using AI to drive competitive advantage. Microsoft Research continues to make significant advances in AI technologies, infusing them into product experiences like Bing, Cortana, LinkedIn Newsfeed, Skype Translator, Editor and PowerPoint Designer in Office, Relationship Health in Dynamics, HoloLens, and many more. We are uniquely positioned to take this AI capability and democratize it so that every developer can be an AI developer, and every company can become an AI company." Other hand-picked articles:  What Is a Business Model? 30 Successful Types of Business Models You Need to Know How Does Twitter Make Money? Twitter Business Model In A Nutshell How Does DuckDuckGo Make Money? DuckDuckGo Business Model Explained How Amazon Makes Money: Amazon Business Model in a Nutshell How Does Netflix Make Money? Netflix Business Model Explained How Does PayPal Make Money? The PayPal Mafia Business Model Explained How Does WhatsApp Make Money? WhatsApp Business Model Explained The Power of Google Business Model in a Nutshell